Mortar | types of mortar | properties of mortar

After reading this you will be able to answer!

1. what is brick masonry?
2. what is mortar?
3. what are the Classification of mortar?
4. properties of good mortar
5. how to perform compressive strength test of mortar
6. different cement mortar ratios 

Hope you will enjoy 😄

Let's start 👇

BRICK MASONARY

For construction of brick masonary, 2 things are important Brick and Mortar.

Mortar = Binding material + fine aggregate

Also read

Foundation and Types of foundation

Classification of rock

Classification of Mortar

1) On the basis of Binding Material

• Gypsum Mortar
• Lime Mortar – Setting time = 120 min

Also read Types of cement

• Cement Mortar – Setting time = 30 min
• Gauged Mortar (Lime-Cement Mortar) – 1:6 – 1:8

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To enhance the strength of lime Mortar, Cement is added in ratio of 1:6 to 1:8 , known as Lime cement Mortar or Gauged Mortar.

2) On the basis of Bulk density (𝞬t)

𝞬t =( G+se/1+e)𝞬w

𝞬w= unit weight of water

if 𝞬t > 15KN/m3 or 1500 kg/m3 ⇒ Heavy Mortar

if 𝞬t < 15KN/m3 or 1500 kg/m3  ⇒ Low Mortar

3) On the basis of Uses/applicaions

1. Brick Laying Mortar - For wall construction
2. Finishing mortar - For plaster/ for decorative purpose or for ornamental works 

4) On the basis of  aggregate used mortar can be classified as 

1. Sand mortar 
2. Surkhi mortar 
3. Sand-surkhi mortar

5 ) Special type of mortar 

1. Packing mortar
2. fire resistance mortar
3. Damp proof mortar
4. X ray shielding mortar
5. Sound absorbing mortar

Damp proof mortar 

It is prepared using high grade sulphate resisting cement as binding material and quartz sand 

Sound absorbing mortar 

It is prepared with Psc lime gypsum as binding material and caustic magnesite sand as aggregate 

fire resistance mortar 

It is prepared by using surkhi made for fire clay bricks 

X ray shielding mortar

 It is heavy mortar required for plastering wall and roof of x ray cabinets

 It is prepared from well graded sand and OPC or PSC

Packing mortar

 used for packing oil wells there mortar may be cement-sand, Cement-lime  

Properties of mortar 

1. It should be cheap 
2. It should be easily workable 
3. It should not effect the durability of other building components 
4. It should be capable of developing design stresses 
5. It should be capable of developing good adhesive bonding between other building components
6. It should be capable of resisting the penetration of water through it 
7. It should be durable 

Compressive Strength Test of Mortar

Prepare a Mortar of cement mortar is 1:3 ratio when added water in it. (𝑃/4+3) %, where ,

P = Percentage amount of water required to achieve standard consistency. 

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Fill 6 numbers of cube with this paste which has dimension 70.3 mm (surface area = 50cm2 ). 

Watch video - Brick masonry

Place this cube in an open atmosphere for 24 hours after casting & after that place 

them in water.

3 cubs tested in 7 days

3 cubs tested in 28 days

To find out the compressive strength, apply the load of 350 Kg/cm2/min till the failure 

does not occur.

Compressive strength = Applied load/Cross sectional area

Nature of Work & cement Mortar Ratio

1. Construction in waterlogged area -1:3
2. Damp Proof course- 1:2
3. Plaster Work- 1:3 – 1:4
4. Normal brick Work -1:3 – 1:4
5. Reinforced brick work -1:3
6. Lining of Canal -1:2 – 1:3

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